江浙沪招生考试网

67.   “Creationism” in the passage refers to ________.

[A] evolution in its true sense as to the origin of the universe

[B] a notion of the creation of religion

[C] the scientific explanation of the earth formation

[D] the deceptive theory about the origin of the universe

68.   Kitcher’s book is intended to ________.

[A] recommend the views of the evolutionists

[B] expose the true features of creationists

[C] curse bitterly at this opponents

[D] launch a surprise attack on creationists

69.   From the passage we can infer that ________.

[A] reasoning has played a decisive role in the debate

[B] creationists do not base their argument on reasoning

[C] evolutionary theory is too difficult for non-specialists

[D] creationism is supported by scientific findings

70.   This passage appears to be a digest of ________.

[A] a book review

[B] a scientific paper

[C] a magazine feature

[D] a newspaper editorial

Section IV: English-Chinese Translation

Directions:

Read the following passage carefully and then translate underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation must be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)

The differences in relative growth of various areas of scientific research have several causes. 71) Some of these causes are completely reasonable results of social needs. Others are reasonable consequences of particular advances in science being to some extent self-accelerating. Some, however, are less reasonable processes of different growth in which preconception of the form scientific theory ought to take, by persons in authority, act to alter the growth pattern of different areas. This is a new problem probably not yet unavoidable; but it is a frightening trend. 72) This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail. It can be predicted, however, that from time to time questions will arise which will require specific scientific answers. It is therefore generally valuable to treat the scientific establishment as a resource or machine to be kept in functional order. 73) This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to immediate goals but of possible consequence in the future.

This kind of support, like all government support, requires decisions about the appropriate recipients of funds. Decisions based on utility as opposed to lack of utility are straightforward. But decision among projects none of which has immediate utility is more difficult. The goal of the supporting agencies is the praisable one of supporting “good” as opposed to “bad” science, but a valid determination is difficult to make. Generally, the idea of good science tends to become confused with the capacity of the field in question to generate an elegant theory. 74) However, the world is so made that elegant systems are in principle unable to deal with some of the world’s more fascinating and delightful aspects. 75) New forms of thought as well as new subjects for thought must arise in the future as they have in the past, giving rise to new standards of elegance.

Section V: Writing

76.   DIRECTIONS:

[A] Title: GOOD HEALTH

[B] Time limit: 40 minutes

[C] Word limit: 120-150 words (not including the given opening sentence)

[D] Your composition should be based on the OUTLINE below and should start with the given opening sentence: “The desire for good health is universal.”

[E] Your composition should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)

OUTLINE:

1. Importance of good health

2. Ways to keep fit

3. My own practices

 

1996年参考答案

Section I: Structure and Vocabulary (20 points)

Part A (5 points)

1.    [A]  2.    [C]  3.    [D]  4.    [B]   5.    [D]

6.    [C]  7.    [D]  8.    [B]   9.    [A]  10.   [C]

Part B (5 points)

11.   [A] went 12.   [B] psychologically

13.   [A] allowing   14.   [C] he

15.   [B] are more like

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